Baker McKenzie maintains a prominent position in the Venezuelan market, offering a broad range of tax and wealth management services. The team is well regarded for its advice to major multinationals on tax issues affecting their local operations, and has recently seen a marked increase in activity in transactional tax matters, particularly in the oil and gas and liquor and spirits industries, drawing on deep expertise in these sectors and the strength of its international network. The group is led by Caracas managing partner Ronald Evans, who also oversees the firm’s global wealth management group, and has extensive experience in complex international tax matters, including the tax implications of cross-border transactions and investments. Other key members include Serviliano Abache Carvajal, who takes the lead on local tax matters (both advisory work and litigation), Manuel Marín, an expert in customs issues, and senior associate David Mongiovi.
Tax in Venezuela
Baker McKenzie
Responsables de la pratique:
Ronald Evans
Autres avocats clés:
Serviliano Abache Carvajal; David Mongiovi; Manuel Marín
Les références
‘The team at Baker McKenzie is highly competitive and highly regarded. They provide professional advice and support to their clients, with extensive expertise and knowledge in the areas they consult on.’
‘Ronald Evans enjoys great professional prestige due to his solid training and extensive experience.’
‘David Mongiovi is a young lawyer with great problem-solving skills.’
Principaux clients
Minera Loma de Níquel (Anglo American)
YPFB Andina
Bardinet, S.A.
Broadcom
Unilever Andina Venezuela
AstraZeneca Venezuela
Repsol, S.A.
ENI Venezuela E&P Holding S.A.
Cigarrera Bigott Sucs. (British American Tobacco)
LG Electronics
GlaxoSmithKline
Industria Alimentaria Nacional de Cereales y Harinas, C.A. (Iancarina)
Principaux dossiers
- Providing Minera Loma de Niquel with an analysis of the company’s situation from a tax perspective, and advised on tax and customs obligations and how to maximise available tax and customs benefits.
- Assisted Grupo Fuller with several highly technical and sensitive tax audits and assessment procedures conducted by the national tax administration for allegedly omitting the payment of income tax, value added tax and municipal business tax.
- Provided comprehensive tax advice to 100 % Banco on a complex sale of assets transaction.
D'Empaire
D'Empaire’s tax group is recognised for its breadth of expertise across both international and domestic tax matters. In particular, the team has significant strength in representing large corporations in high-profile administrative and judicial tax disputes, in addition to providing tax advice on major transactions and foreign investment projects, with a growing emphasis on the oil and gas sector. In the private client sphere, the team advises leading international private banks on tax matters for high-net-worth Venezuelan clients. The team is led by Humberto Romero-Muci, who brings extensive expertise in tax and transfer pricing litigation to the practice. José Manuel Valecillos is noted for his advice to Venezuelan companies, families and individuals on tax and estate planning matters.
Responsables de la pratique:
Humberto Romero-Muci
Autres avocats clés:
José Manuel Valecillos
Les références
‘The team is up to date on local regulations and, above all, on the way business is being done in the country. Our project involves negotiations with the public sector, and they have the knowledge to advise us professionally in new areas where there is little public information. They also use technological tools that allow for a quick response to our queries, which goes hand in hand with our organisation’s culture.’
‘The main quality of the firm’s lawyers is their ability to advise us with a business mentality. While they have been clear in conveying risks, they go further to find innovative solutions that allow us to move forward while keeping our investment protected. There is also a very important culture of being available, providing quick responses, and a key strength is the teamwork between the firm’s partners and lawyers, who work seamlessly together.’
‘Humberto Romero Muci’s tax practice is distinguished by a rare combination of technical strength, strategic judgment, and a profound understanding of the Venezuelan institutional environment. His approach is markedly analytical, with an outstanding ability to anticipate scenarios and structure legal positions with strong doctrinal and jurisprudential support.’
Principaux clients
Bekaert
Colgate-Palmolive
Maha Energy
Weatherford
Cobeca
Fe y Alegría
Beco
ONGC
KCA Deutag
Cashea
Vepica
Tenaris
Maurel & Prom
Principaux dossiers
Lega
Lega frequently advises on tax issues related to the international sale of goods, Venezuelan customs regulations and related tariffs. The team stands out for its expertise in national, state and local taxes, tax planning, mining and petroleum taxes, and double taxation treaties. Elina Pou is skilled in diverse taxation matters, including international taxation and the application of double taxation treaties, and administrative and judicial tax litigation. Of counsel Juan Cristóbal Carmona is a key tax adviser to local and multinational companies and national, state and municipal public authorities, while associate Luzmely Rey assists with customs issues. Nathalie Rodríguez-París supports the team from Spain, handling international taxation matters.
Principaux dossiers
Mendoza, Palacios, Acedo, Borjas, Paez Pumar & Cia.
Mendoza, Palacios, Acedo, Borjas, Paez Pumar & Cia. is noted for the broad scope of its practice, covering tax planning, litigation and administrative procedures, estate planning, compliance, international taxation and tax support in M&A transactions. Manuel Acedo Sucre is routinely sought out by local and multinational clients for assistance with tax planning, international tax issues (particularly double taxation treaties) and the tax aspects of M&A. María Genoveva Páez Pumar and Juan Castillo Carvajal are key figures for tax litigation and estate planning; Páez Pumar also assists clients during inspections or audits by the tax administration. Further expertise is provided by Diego Lepervanche, who handles the tax aspects of corporate matters, Francisco Alemán Planchart, who focuses on estate planning, Rosemary Thomas, who has extensive experience in tax and customs disputes, and recently promoted junior partner Francesca Rigio.
Responsables de la pratique:
Manuel Acedo Sucre; María Genoveva Páez Pumar; Juan Castillo Carvajal
Autres avocats clés:
Diego Lepervanche; Francisco Alemán Planchart; Rosemary Thomas; Francesca Rigio
Les références
‘Juan Castillo Carvajal is an extraordinary lawyer.’
Principaux clients
Corporación Grupo Químico
Venezolana de Pinturas
Química Industrial
INTEQUIM
Laboratorios Elmor S.A.
Industria Venezolana de Transporte Operativo
Munchener de Venezuela
Corporación Solsica C.A.
Grupo Perret
Grupo Formiconi
Miranda Capital Partners
Centro Venezolano Americano (CVA)
Representaciones Globoland
Principaux dossiers
Torres, Plaz & Araujo
Torres, Plaz & Araujo advises on a broad range of tax matters, including corporate income tax, M&A taxation, cross-border structuring, transfer pricing, indirect taxes, and customs issues. The team also assists private individuals with wealth structuring and represents companies in tax disputes. The firm's client base spans a wide array of industries, including energy, agribusiness, pharmaceuticals, and financial services, and its membership of Lataxnet enables it to assist clients with cross-border tax strategies. The tax practice is led by managing partner Juan Carlos Garantón-Blanco and consultants Valentina Cabrera Medina and Rodolfo Plaz Abreu, who is in charge of the contentious-tax department. Federico Araujo Medina and José Antonio De Sousa are also noted.
Responsables de la pratique:
Juan Carlos Garantón-Blanco; Valentina Cabrera Medina; Rodolfo Plaz Abreu
Autres avocats clés:
José Antonio De Sousa; Federico Araujo Medina
Les références
‘Deep knowledge of domestic and international tax law practices, with practical experience from their involvement in important cases in Venezuela that require rapid responses in a challenging market.’
‘Valentina Cabrera is an extraordinary attorney with a deep understanding of the law. Her in-depth analysis and practical legal acumen add value to the legal advice she provides. She is an extremely intelligent and practical attorney who quickly understands the problems she faces and provides ideal solutions.’
‘They are experts in taxation in Venezuela, but with extensive experience in international and Latin American taxation.’
Principaux clients
BP Group
Empresas Polar
PepsiCo Alimentos, S.C.A.
Comercializadora Snacks, S.R.L.
AngloAmerican PLC (Minera Loma de Níquel, S.A.)
Shell Group (Shell Venezuela S.A.)
Pepsi-Cola Panamericana, S.R.L.
DHL (Deutsche Post DHL)
Takeda Pharmaceuticals
Rodrigo Elías Medrano
Industrias Químicas Inquivosa
EF Education First
Precision Drilling
Grupo Locatel
Henkel
DLA Piper
Principaux dossiers
Araquereyna
Araquereyna handles tax planning and disputes for multinational companies, as well as providing advice on inheritance and wealth planning. María Carolina Cano is well versed in tax proceedings before administrative and judicial authorities, as well as assisting with national and international tax advice and planning. Other key team members are Gabriel Ruan Santos, who is skilled in tax litigation and consultancy, and Ingrid García Pacheco, who advises on tax planning, succession planning of family estates, and wealth protection of individuals.
Principaux dossiers
Arnstein Legal S.C.
Established by former Altum Abogados partners in 2024, boutique firm Arnstein Legal S.C. has a strong tax consultancy and litigation practice. The team is well versed in a broad array of matters, including the tax aspects of corporate transactions and operations, foreign exchange issues, audits by national, state and municipal tax authorities, administrative and judicial disputes, transfer pricing and tax due diligence, as well as investment and wealth management structures. The team is led by Jorge Jraige, a seasoned tax practitioner who acts for both local and multinational clients. Senior associate Ximena Dugarte Rodriguez provides support with tax consulting, tax litigation, and wealth management.
Responsables de la pratique:
Jorge Jraige
Autres avocats clés:
Ximena Dugarte Rodriguez
Les références
‘Arnstein Legal S.C.’s practice is totally dedicated to the client. They offer a personalised approach and proactive solutions that surpass those of other firms. The team’s strengths and skills include excellent communication, which allows them to keep clients informed and provide efficient service.’
‘Arnstein Legal S.C. stand out for their genuine commitment to the client’s success and their human quality. They differentiate themselves from competitors through their ability to anticipate needs and offer proactive solutions, as well as through their personalised attention. Their best qualities include deep technical knowledge, efficiency, and professionalism.’
‘Ximena Dugarte is exceptional. Her efficiency, professionalism, and human quality are unmatched. She is a fundamental pillar for us, demonstrating her values and dedication in every interaction.’
Dentons
Dentons‘ tax practice advises on a broad spectrum of international and local tax matters, including both direct and indirect taxation. The team has considerable experience assisting multinational clients with the tax aspects of cross-border business operations, particularly in the pharmaceutical and oil and gas sectors. It also provides support on the tax implications of business restructuring, the formation or liquidation of companies, and new investment structures. In addition, the group is active in representing clients in tax disputes and audits, including transfer pricing and customs related matters, and advising on tax contributions and compliance requirements arising from regulatory changes. The practice is jointly led by senior counsels Moisés Vallenilla, who advises on the tax treatment of international transactions and investments; Oscar Cunto André, who focuses on tax disputes; and Juan Andrés Osorio, who brings to bear experience in income tax, municipal taxation, and international tax matters. Associates Rodrigo Farías Díaz and Andreína Requena Herrera are noted for their support on both contentious and advisory matters.
Responsables de la pratique:
Moisés Vallenilla; Oscar Cunto André; Juan Andrés Osorio
Autres avocats clés:
Rodrigo Farías Díaz; Andreína Requena Herrera
Les références
‘Integrated team with great communication and teamwork, up to date and willing to provide immediate support.’
‘They are practical, up-to-date and above all very capable in their area of expertise.’
Principaux clients
Rodamientos Rovi, C.A.
Grupo Licoteca
Cervecería Regional, C.A.
Beierdorf S.A.
Fondo de Valores Inmobiliarios, C.A. (FVI)
Corporación Telemic, C.A. (Inter)
Corporacion Aduanera NG
Galanet
Dexx Medical
CRM Financial Group
Principaux dossiers
InterJuris Abogados
InterJuris Abogados advises on the tax implications of corporate and financial transactions, with experience across both domestic and international matters, in addition to the tax aspects of corporate restructurings, transfer pricing, and tax issues arising from clients' global business operations, including the application of national tax legislation and international treaties. In addition, the team represents individuals and companies in disputes with tax authorities, financial regulators, and municipalities, and in tax investigations and related regulatory processes. Practice head María Leticia Perera Díaz is noted for her work on both international and domestic tax matters, particularly in the context of complex corporate structures.
Responsables de la pratique:
María Leticia Perera Díaz
Autres avocats clés:
Sofia Fidalgo
Les références
‘Quick to respond.’
Principaux clients
CYBS
Vinccler
Caja Caracas Casa de Bolsa
Zoetis
Manaplas
C.A. Ericsson
Al Jazeera
Hewlett Packard Venezuela, C.C.A
Cunapro LLC
Amarillo Agency C.A.
CMEC Engineering, C.A
AGT Management Consultants, S.A.
Mavenir
Principaux dossiers
LEC Abogados
LEC Abogados provides expertise in strategic tax planning for corporations operating in Venezuela, assisting with the tax aspects of operations and both local and cross-border transactions, customs law issues and tax audits. Another key area of expertise is defending clients against complaints filed by the national tax authority in relation to income, import and value added tax. The team is led by Santiago Parra Ortega, who is based in Mexico City, and provides comprehensive support to clients in complex local tax matters (particularly concerning municipal business tax issues) and audits by national and local tax authorities.
Responsables de la pratique:
Santiago Parra Ortega
Principaux clients
Petrex, S.A.
Saipem, S.P.A.
Servizi Energia Italia, S.P.A. Sucursal Venezuela
Nutrina, S.A.
P&F Management LLC
Invercredi
Gonzalez Valdez & Asociados
Industrias de Abrasivos Venezolanos
Principaux dossiers
- Provided comprehensive advice to Petrex, S.A. on general tax matters related to the client’s operations in Venezuela.
- Advised Saipem, S.P.A. on tax matters relating to the client’s operations in Venezuela, focusing on navigating the complex procedural landscape required by public entities.
- Provided tax advisory services to P&F Management LLC to address the client’s fiscal needs both within Venezuela and in international jurisdictions.
SLV Consultores
SLV Consultores provides tax advisory services to local and transnational companies, alongside high-net-worth family groups. The team has particular expertise in the incorporation of entities abroad for tax planning purposes, particularly in the US, Canada, Spain and the UK, and the design of tax strategies to maximise tax savings regarding foreign investments, financing operations, royalties for licensing intellectual property rights, and other issues, in accordance with international treaties to avoid double taxation. The team is co-led by Alejandro Silva Ortiz, who is well known for his in-house and private practice experience in tax law, and of counsel Burt Hevia, who is based in Mexico City.
Responsables de la pratique:
Alejandro Silva Ortiz; Burt Hevia
Les références
‘SLV Consultores has a team with a proven track record of extensive technical knowledge and experience in the areas of tax law and international tax planning. They offer significant flexibility in supporting clients in local and international matters, with a special emphasis on the United States, where I can attest to their extensive experience in tax matters.’
‘Their customer service is notable, offering quick, effective, timely responses tailored to the reality of our business, demonstrating their commitment to understanding our specific business model.’
‘Their consulting services are, without a doubt, original, creative, and personalised. Their partners have a direct impact on the matters consulted upon and their availability to personally address issues is notable. It is difficult to find this type of personalised service in other firms, which is why SLV Consultores stands out for its service.’
Principaux clients
Grupo Mah 5454 C.A.
Escalabeds Group LLC
Levruno S.A. De C.V.
Infoage Consulting Services, S.L.
Biología Farmacéutica Tecnológica Biotecfar, C.A.
Jmedical Aesthetics LLC
Asac Usa Incorporated
Gas Energy Latin América (Gela)
Sagitta Marine
Clai Payments Technologies
Fluye Consulting Group
Principaux dossiers
Travieso Evans Arria Rengel & Paz
Travieso Evans Arria Rengel & Paz handles both national and international tax matters, with expertise spanning tax planning, audits, and the application of tax treaties. The group is active in advising on the tax aspects of corporate restructurings and commercial transactions, and also has strong capabilities in litigation. Managing partner Eduardo Travieso Uribe has over four decades of experience in the field of tax law and is noted for his analysis of national and municipal tax legislation, as well as his advice on international tax matters. Manuel Iturbe Alarcón is recognised for his expertise in tax litigation and audits; he previously served as president of the Venezuelan Association of Tax Law. Andreína Lusinchi Martínez combines her tax expertise with corporate law capabilities, providing clients with comprehensive advice on the tax aspects of M&A. Associate Joseth Nathaniel Almea González is also highlighted for his contribution to the practice.
Responsables de la pratique:
Eduardo Travieso Uribe; Manuel Iturbe Alarcón; Andreina Lusinchi Martínez
Autres avocats clés:
Joseth Nathaniel Almea González
Principaux clients
Mondelez International
Desarrollos Tecnológicos Ridery, C.A.
Papeles Venezolanos, C.A. (PAVECA) – Kruger Inc.
Ensign Venezuela
Summa Sistemas
Coca-Cola Femsa De Venezuela, S.A.
ExxonMobil Corporation (Exxon Mobil de Venezuela)
Propileno de Falcon, C.A. (PROFALCA)
Aggreko de Venezuela, C.A.
Ford Motors de Venezuela, S.A
Equant Venezuela, S.A.
Aggreko Internacional Projects
Principaux dossiers
- Advised and represented Mondelez in the proceedings derived from an audit conducted by the tax administration (SENIAT).
- Represented PAVECA in a proceeding conducted by the tax administration concerning alleged differences in deposits in bank accounts abroad and entries in accounting books.
- Assisted Summa Sistemas in the preparation and filing of a hierarchical appeal filed against a tax audit on IT matters.
Palacios, Torres & Korody
Palacios, Torres & Korody advises on a broad range of tax matters, including planning, consulting, and litigation. The firm regularly assists clients with the tax implications of financing agreements, regulatory compliance, and representation before the tax and constitutional courts. It is noted for its industry-specific expertise across sectors such as banking, construction, oil and gas, telecoms, and e-commerce, allowing the team to deliver tailored tax solutions. The practice is led by Leonardo Palacios Márquez, José Gregorio Torres and Juan Esteban Korody, while Daniel Betancourt and associate Erika Cornilliac are also key members of the team.
Responsables de la pratique:
Leonardo Palacios Márquez; José Gregorio Torres; Juan Esteban Korody
Autres avocats clés:
Erika Cornilliac; Daniel Betancourt
Les références
‘The team is very proactive in understanding the business perspective, which allows them to give excellent recommendations.’
‘The team stands out for its proven experience in the Venezuelan market, with an impeccable track record.’
‘What makes their legal practice unique is its combination of experience, innovation, and commitment to excellence. Their team is made up of highly qualified lawyers specialised in various areas of law, which allows them to offer comprehensive and personalised solutions.’
Principaux clients
Schlumberger
Diageo
Empresas Polar
Eni
Unilever
Telefónica
Farmatodo
Galaxy Entertainment de Venezuela
Digitel
Cigarrera Bigott (British American Tobacco)
Principaux dossiers
Ponte Andrade & Casanova
Ponte Andrade & Casanova offers comprehensive tax advice to domestic companies and multinational corporations, including their Venezuelan subsidiaries, regarding local and international tax issues, and both administrative and judicial tax litigation. In addition, through the launch of its Madrid office, the firm has expanded its ability to assist Venezuelan clients with tax issues relating to their investments in Spain. The practice is jointly led by Ramón Andrade Monagas (who heads up the firm’s Spanish branch) and Ignacio Ponte Brandt, the latter of whom frequently represents clients in disputes with the tax authorities. Associate Ignacio Andrade Cifuentes plays a key role in supporting the team across a range of tax issues. The team was further strengthened by the addition of associate Eleana Salazar Méndez, who joined from InterJuris Abogados in March 2025, with notable experience in tax consultancy and compliance strategies.
Responsables de la pratique:
Ignacio Ponte Brandt; Ramón Andrade Monagas
Autres avocats clés:
Ignacio Andrade Cifuentes; Eleana Salazar Méndez
Les références
‘Ponte Andrade’s tax practice is distinguished not only by being experts in the field, but also by keeping up to date with all international developments and dedicating resources to its academic participation at an excellent standard.’
‘Clients will be assisted by professionals who are up-to-date with all international developments. The most outstanding associate in this regard is Ignacio Andrade Cifuentes.’
‘Their tax practice is exceptional and unique. Their ability to combine deep technical knowledge of tax law with innovative and customised strategies has been invaluable to our operations. They not only address our immediate needs but also help us strengthen our financial position over the long term. Their interdisciplinary team brings a comprehensive perspective that enriches each solution offered.’
Principaux clients
The Walt Disney Company
Toyota de Venezuela, C.A.
Bolsa de Productos e Insumos Agropecuarios de Venezuela (Bolpriaven), C.A.
SC Johnson & Son de Venezuela
Carelife Venezuela, C.A.
Asociación de Productores Rurales del Estado Portuguesa (Asoportuguesa)
Federación de Asociaciones de Cañicultores en Venezuela
Inversiones Tegnaval, C.A.
Banesco Banco Universal
Banco Exterior C.A., Banco Universal
Ferretería Lebrún
Comercial Venefelia, C.A.
Unidad de Medicina Interna Ambulatoria (UMIA), C.A.
Agrosnacks, C.A.
Instituto de Microcirugía Ocular (IMOC)
Comunidad 1001 Ideas, C.A.
Inversiones Dagaraco, C.A.
CREG Consulting, C.A.
Aerocamiones de Venezuela (Aerocav), C.A.
Apö Café
Banco Delsur Banco Universal, C.A.
Principaux dossiers
- Acting for Banco Exterior, C.A. in litigation concerning the legality of the imposition of multiple municipal levies on the bank’s point of sale units, impacting a total sum of 1%-1.5% of all banking operations.
- Advised Carelife Venezuela, S.A. on the crafting of a new fiscal strategy to optimise the company’s operations, involving a careful review of local regulations covering matters of sanitation, medicine, insurance, and pharmaceutical production.
- Advised Inversiones Dagaraco on the design and implementation of a new fiscal strategy that seeks to mitigate risks from the company’s new project focused on distributing pre-made meals to Venezuelan students in primary and secondary education.
Sol Caballero & Asociados
Sol Caballero & Asociados is a boutique firm offering services at the intersection of tax and corporate law, including corporate tax, tax litigation, tax planning, international tax and transfer pricing, with key strengths in the manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, banking, real estate, retail, food, construction and infrastructure, and oil sectors. Managing partner Jesús Sol-Gil has significant experience spanning corporate tax, international tax, tax planning and litigation, and is executive president of the Lextendi legal network. Rosa Caballero focuses on corporate tax, administrative and judicial tax litigation and audits.
Responsables de la pratique:
Jesús Sol-Gil; Rosa Caballero
Les références
‘The partners at this firm have great synergy and a deep understanding of the law. They are very attentive, responsible, and honest. This firm keeps you well informed of events as they unfold. Rosa Caballero is an excellent attorney who handles cases responsibly and in compliance with the law.’
‘The partners have great human qualities and an excellent way of handling delicate cases, especially dealing with the Venezuelan authorities, which are often very difficult and complex. The firm’s partners are very attentive and thorough in handling cases and have provided us with quick solutions at a reasonable price.’
‘Jesús Sol-Gil and Rosa Caballero are highly trained professionals who fully understand the needs of their clients and their recommendations are always aimed at resolving legal issues but with a formal approach to generating value for clients.’
Principaux clients
Alpina Productos Alimenticios C.A.
Constructora Dell Aqua y filiales
Café Flor de Patria
Instituto Clinico La Florida
Laboratorio Leti
Laboratorio Gerven
Brando Ochoa, Rodríguez & Asociados
Chocolates Zisnella
Cosmeticos Rolda, C.A.
Pastas Capri, C.A.
Hospital de Clinicas Caracas
Seegman Abogados
Calox Internacional C.A.
Valle Arriba Athletic Club
Geca Consultores
Hoet and Partner
Alimentos Bahía VE, C.A.
Corporacion Grupo Quimico
Químicas Integradas
Pinturas Venezolanas
Principaux dossiers
Tinoco, Travieso, Planchart & Núñez
Working in conjunction with the firm's corporate department, the tax team at Tinoco, Travieso, Planchart & Núñez handles national and international tax law matters including in relation to income tax, VAT, corporate tax and tax treaties. Practice head José Rafael Belisario advises transnational companies and their subsidiaries, providing tax advice and representing clients in litigation, while Alfredo Travieso assists with all aspects of taxation and family wealth planning.
Responsables de la pratique:
José Rafael Belisario
Autres avocats clés:
Alfredo Travieso
Principaux clients
Laboratorios La Santé, C.A.
Agropecuaria Aprocao, C.A.
Nestlé Venezuela, S.A.
Alafletes Agente de Aduanas Manufacturas de Papel, C.A. (MANPA) S.A.C.A.
Robert Bosch, S.A
BFC Banco Fondo Común, C.A. Banco Universal
C.A., Cigarrera Bigott, Sucs.
Diseñadores SAIA Arte y Moda, C.A.
Valentina Vitols
Principaux dossiers
- Assisted Laboratorios La Sante in filing a lawsuit against the de facto action of the tax authority (SENIAT), which resulted in its nationwide suspension through the automated customs system (SIDUNEA), without any legal basis or prior administrative procedure.
- Assisted Agropecuaria Aprocao in filing a hierarchical appeal against a decision of SENIAT with regard to the verification of compliance with tax obligations for the fiscal years 2020-2021 and 2021-2022.
- Representing Nestlé Venezuela in a contentious-tax appeal against the inspection certificate imposing a fine for an alleged breach of the legislation governing the import of products intended for consumption by domestic animals.